Pump



May 25 G. T. HANSEN 4 PUMP 1921 2 Smets-Sheet Filed April 8 of thecasing.

Patented May 25, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENToF 1,585,669 FlcE.-

GEORGE T. HANSEN, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, ASSIGNOR T0 HANSEN RUBBERPRODUCTS COMPANY, O F SALTLAKE CITY, UTAH, A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE. el

rum.

My invention relates to pumps.

More particularly, myinvention has ,reference to that class of pumpsknown as sand pumps, and designed to pump material of an abrasivenature, as, for instance the han-v dling of sludges and tailingsimmineral separation processes. The interior surfaces of the pumps aresubject to a rapid erosion. This invention is primarily an improvementupon the construction disclosed in Patent Number 1,380,798, granted onJune 7, 1921, to me and Charles F. Sherwood, wherein a resilient liningcarried by a sheet metal backing was set forth.

In the general development of pumps of this class, it has been foundthat in order to maintain the original clearances between the impellerand casing, and prevent undue wear, due to the erosive action caused byconstant impinging of the abrasive particles, the use of liningswithinthe pump is essential to the end of preserving the same for any lengthvof time. The general trend along these lines was first to employ acomparatively hard metallic lining, such as manganese steel, which waslater substituted by lining possessing some resiliency, such as rubberor other soft material( This resilient lining has been attended withmarked success, which ma be explained by the fact that rubber will yieldat each point of impact before it will suffer abrasion by the impingingparticles of-ore. yIn the above mentionedapplication, it is proposed toemploy a sheet 4metal backing for facilitating the seating of theresilient lining to permit of a greater application and eliminateunnecessary machining of the interior surfaces The pump ,casing'isformed in sections so that the metallic backing and rubber facing may belaterally inserted and removed. The metallic backing is lintended to fitaccurately the interior of the pump casing, but it is a very rdiiicultmatter to keep the backing in shape to fit the casing accurately, eventhough the backing is originally properly formeds If the metallicback-ing 1s not properlyseated, the clearances between the impellerblades, and thev casingcalculated to give the greatest efficiency willnot be obtained. Moreover, in such instances, pockets or aniiular spacesare often left between the pump casing and metallic"backingfandfin thesepockets acids from the -pulp or other materialeventually work their way,causing corrosion of the metallic backing.

It is an object of my invention to provide means whereby the Vmetallicbacking, together with the' rubber facing, when inserted in the pumpcasing, will be accurately centered and. rigidly held in position. To dothis, I provide means for holding the edges of the backing in place, andthen I support the rest of the backing by providing'gauge points orgauge contacts which line up the backing. This preferably comprisesperipheral fianges formed upon the metallic backing and rubber facing,the peripheral flanges of the latter lying between the fianges of theformer to form a rubberto rubber joint. .The flanges of the pump casingare gasketed and ren-y dered tight by this rubber to rubber joint,

'and as the sections of the pump casing are' clamped together, thegasket joints will accurately seat the rubber lining and its sheetmet-al backing, and as va result secure the proper clearances. f

A further object of my invention islthe provision of a pump which may beemployed for the handling of erosive materials, such -as sand. orcorrosive material such as acid.

In the seating of the sheet metal backing in the pump casing, Icontemplate providing high spots on the interior surfaces, which aremachined to provide the gauge points or I contacts referred to. This hasbeen found to ensure accurate setting of the abrasive'proof liningswithin the' pump casing and permit otherwise enough clearance to allowfor anyy necessary adjustment due to inaccuracy in construction. Thepockets created by the high spots may be leftl unfilled when the pump isused'to circulate fluid of a nonacid character. A further feature ofthis invention is providing means whereby the pump may be readilyconverted .into an acid-proof pump. This is attained byinjecting acementA or acidproof mastic in the:e pockets, which, when hardened, willprevent acid leakingvthereinto.

I have also devised an improved method l of gasketing joints between thefittings in the line. As an alternative to the present construction, itis proposed to employ flexible hose having the inner lining of rubber toprevent abrasion. At *he ends of each section in the'line, the nibberlining is flanged so as toprovide a rubber to rubber joint;

and metallic clamping rings are used to i of a flanged joint be preventtearor wear of the resilient flanges by the clamping bolts'.

In the accompanying drawings, thel inven trou is illustrated askembodied ina tailings pump, though, as above stated, the invention isbroadly applicable to pumps in general for pumping abrasive material. Inthe drawings: I

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical sectional View of a rotary pumpembodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a. fragmentary sectional View tween the pump casing anddischarge conduit; n

Figure 3 is a similar View, but illustrating the use of a flexiblepiping;

Figure 4 is-a sectional view of a flexible hose which I contemplateusing; and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modified form of sealingmeans for/ use on theintake or discharge of the pump.

In the embodiment shown, the pump 1 is supported upon the pedestal 2provided with a vertical supporting flange 6,-which terminates in theformation of an annular bearing collar 3, having at its outer end aperipheral flange 4. The impeller shaft 5 passes concentrically throughthe collar 3, and is driven at its outer end by any suitable drivingmeans. Adjacent this drive, and supported upon the pedestal 2, is ananti=frictional bearing arrangement comprising an integral housing 7formed upon the pedestal 2, with the cover plate adapted to close 0E thehousing, and thereby prevent foreignl matter from entering. nantirfrictional ballbearing 9 is provide f' having its outer race bornepartially by the inner periphery'y of the upper part of the housing, andthe integral arcuate-d flange 10 which continues the opening formedthereby. The inner race of the ball bearing 9 bears the shaft 5, andadjacent this portion, the shaft is formed with an enlargement 11,journaling itself in the housing 7. A packing lring 12 surrounds thisend, and is held in a recessed seat in the housing by the ring 13 heldthereagainstsunder tensionpf thescrews 14. At the opposite side of theanti-friction ball bearing 9, the impeller shaft is threaded to carry abearing sleeve 14 projecting out of the housing 1n journaled relation,and in .like manner a similar packing ring 12 is provided, thereby'preventing any leakage of lubricant contained within the housing. Thebearing sleeve 14 is preferably threaded upon the impeller shaft-5 andheld from relative movement, which might occur ac` cidentaflly, by apinl.

The impeller shaft 5 is carried vin the col`v lar 3 by means of apacking arrangement comprising preferably a packing cup 16 formed with/aconcentrical sleeve 17, in

which a recess is provided to retain the packing rings' 18, being heldat one end against an integrally formed internal flange 19 b a gland 20.The gland 20 seats tight y in the end of the sleeve 17, preferably by awedged fit. The inner end of the cup 16 is provided with an externalflange 2l, which seats partly in the flange 4 and partly in the pumpcasing. It is to be noted that the shaft 5 does not l,directly bearagainst the packing ring and cup 16, but bears through a sleeve 22,Which iS held thereon in fixed relation, as, for instance, at kone endby the threaded portion 23 of the shaft 5, and at the other end by thesleeve itself threading into the hub 24 of the impeller 25. The shaft 5is secured in driving relation to the impeller 25 in any manner desired.In order to prevent abrasion of the impeller vanes, and to reduce the"friction of flow, a rubber coating has'been provided, which forms arelatively thick, resilient coat- J ing upon the active surfaces of theimpeller,

and in fact forms 'a complete covering for the same.

A water seal'for the packing gland is and passes through the clearanceprovided v between the bearing sleeve 22 and adjacent portion of the cup16 into .the interior of the pump. There is a natural tendency, due tothe suction created by the centrifugal action of the im eller 25,'itocreate a flow into the interior ci) the pump, and carry with it the.water that is fed to the gland. In this way the gland is constantlywashed by clear liquid moving inwardly, and grit and abrasive matter iseffectively excluded from the gland. i

`The metallic casing of the pump is split into the front and rear halves28 and 29 respectively, which are joined by bolts 30 passing through thebolting flanges 31 and 32 extending around the clrcumfe'rence. of the vThe interior surfaces of each\half of the pump casing is machined at aplurality of gauge points 35, whichA project a slight distance fromtheunnished portions 36. A protective lining 0is provided within thiscasingto prevent erosion of the interior of the pump by the abrasive.material passing therethrough. This protectivelining comprisesresilient material 37, such 'as a rela# tively thick coating ofrelatively tough elastic rubber, which is carried by a metallic backing38 .stamped so as to conform itself' perforate or non-foraminous, suchas screen and slitted metal. Co-operating -surfaces are provided on theexterior face of the sheet metal backings to seat upon the machinedsurfaces 35 of the casing. These gauge points or surfaces are preferablyin the form of ring's, which may easily bemachined on a lathe. Thisbacking 38 is made of the same size or slightly larger than the interiorof the pump, and, being compara,- tively thin and ductile, will snuglyseat itself thereon, conforming its shape to that of the interior of thepump, and leaving annular spaces between itself and the casing. Eachsection 39 and 40 thereofis formedI with an annular flange 41 and 42respectively, which flanges are clamped between thef flanges 31 and 32of the casing.

The resilient material 37 is preferably composed of rubber or the like,and is carried upon the sheet metal backing 38 in form of a facing,being suitably secured to it in any manner, although vulcanizing has`been found to be mostysuitable for the purpose. Infact, the thin sheetmetal backing permits. the liner to be completely formed andsecured tothe metal in the factory, so that the liner is self-supporting, and itmay be shipped complete and ready to attach by the user or field man.The rubber 37 is provided with peripheral flanges 43, which lie betweenthe flanges 41 and 42, these flanges forming a tight seal for theinterior of the pump casing. Distortion of the metallic flanges isprevented by a pair Aof annular clamping rings 45, which reenforce theflanges 3l and 32.

The annular spaces 46 created bythe metallic backing 38 seating againstonly the machined surfaces 35, and remaining free of the unfinishedportions 36, would tend to pocket acid or other corrosive materialpassing through the pump. The acid would soon corrode the sheet metalback-4 ing. In order to obviate this destructive action, I contemplateinjecting an acid proof mastic, cement or other cementitious material47, into the spaces 46, through the openings 48. The openings arepreferably drilled into the pump casing at the highest point of thespace between gauge rings or contacting surfaces, so that thecementiyvery little eXpe'nse.-

rclamped thereto by the bolts 30. As these eee 3 g tious material willfill the pocket completely. It will thereafter harden and prevent theentrance of acid. It will be here noted that should the pump be usedsolelyl as a sand pump, this-acid proofing of the sheet 'l0 metalbacking is not essential. But if it be desired to use or convert thepump into an acid pump, Athis simple means of acid proofing may beadvantageously resorted to with .Y

' 5 In assembling the pump, the protective lining may be inserted asunit, that is, the sheet metal bac-king 38 can be faced with the rubber37 before inserting, the peripheral flange 43 being inserted between theflanges 31 and 32, with the bolt holes of these flanges in yregistrywith each other. The unit may then be seated in the section 29 of thecasing, while the cover section 2S is 85 flanges 31 and 32 are clampedtogether and gasketed by the flanges 41, 42 and 43, the flexible sheetmetal backing with the rub ber facin 37 will readily adjust itself, and'compressi ly seat against the machined surfaces 35. At the same time,the flanges vthereof will cause centering in the pump,

and leave the unit rigidly positioned in its seat as soonas the `bolts30 are drawn up.

The metal backing 38 terminates short of 95 'the intake 33, the edgethereof being anchored in the rubber lining 37. This rubber lining abutsand forms an edge to edge joint with the resilient lining of the intakepipe 49. When the sections 28 and -29 of 10 the pump casing are clampedtogether, the rubber 37 at the intake may protrude slightly. Thus, whenthe intake 49 is bolted in place, the lining thereof will abut thisprotruding edge and form a tight joint. Hence the sheet metal backing 38at this point is securely sealed from contact with acid, or other liquidhandled.

In Figure 5 I have illustrated a manner of forming a sealing jointbetween the'lin- 110 ing of the pump, as for instance at the intake 33,with a cooperating pipe 55, or the` like. l

The edge of the sheet metal lining .35 cannot be flanged outwardly, asthe lining must be inserted axially through the tubular opening of theintake 33. I provide means for compressing the outer edge 57 of therubber lining 37 against the edge of the adjacent rubber lining 52, byflanging the edge of the 120 sheet metal inwardly, whereby a flangebacks up the rubber back of said edge 57, as shown at 58. This flangemay be flat, ,but preferably is slightly inclined tohold the v rubberliner outwardly by a dovetail action. 12 The compressed rubber betweenthe flange 58 and the adjacent edge 57 tends to expand laterally,thereby forming a. seal against the side walls of the metal intake 56,as in-A dicated at 59, effectively preventing the contents of theumpfrom getting back of the sheet metal 35.

Thel discharge conlit 34 is clamped to the rotary pump by a angedconnection. The sheet metal backing 38 and the rubber facing 37 of thepump, and the similar parts of the conduit, are clamped between theflange 50 of the conduit and edge of the casing. Thus, these two partsare drawn up tightly toward each other, forming a liquid tight ]o1nt. f

In Figure 3 thereis shown a modified form of discharge conduit 34. Inthis construction, the discharge opening of the pump is identical, butthe conduit is made flexible to permit the connection of which itconsists to flex into the various bends and turns that is required to.complete the connection. The conduit 34 is protected from erosion causedby the impact of the abrasive particles in the pulp, by a resilientlining 52, comprising a suitable grade of soft, tough securing accurateseating, and insuring that' proper clearances are obtained. The rings`of filling material, such as cement, mastic and the like, presentcomplete barriers to the flow or seepage of corrosive liquids back ofthe'lining, and form a complete solid backing over the back of thelining. Even if the liner did not contact'completely with all the gaugesurfaces, the filling will enter such places and form a complete backingfor the liner. It is to be understood that the particular structureshown may be modified considerably, -without departing from the spiritand scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a centrifugal pump, a casing having an axial inlet and aperipheral outlet, said easing being divided on a plane substantially atright angles to theaxis and having flanges for securingthe two partstogether, an impeller for said pump, 'a lining for the rubber. Therubber linig 52 is encased bf interior of said pump comprising arelatively a suitable fabric covering 53, which prevents undue wear, andprevents expansion and stretching of the rubber. The fiexible hose thusformed is attached to the discharge connectionv by clamping bolts 54. Ametallic ring 55 is provided for the clamping bolts 54 to bear against,so as to prevent tearing of the fabric cover 53 or rubber 52.

I propose Yto employ a similar flexible connection for the intake' .ofthe pump, and further contemplate the use of such `a fiexibleconnectionwherever the danger of eroding metal pipes by the impingement ofabrasive particles against the interior surfaces is apparent. Suchrubber lined hose is made :inr suitable lengths with the fabric casingand the rubber lining flanged out at the ends, just as shown in Figures3 and 4. The employment of this kind of fiexible hose dispenseswithelbows, so that the hose may itself b'e bent. Suitable Y, T and the likefittings, all with flanged fabric and, rubber ends, may also beprovided.

In joining the different sections of, this flexible hose, a clampingbolt connection is employed. The rubber lining 52 at the end of eacsection is )formed with an annular flange 56, which permits clampingbolts 57 'to pass therethrough, and clamp thereagainst, through themedium lof metallic backing rings 55.

From the foregoing description, it is to be noted that I avail myself ofthe advantage secured by extending the metallic backing as well as theresilient lining between the flanges of the casing, and allow theclamping bolts to pass therethrough. By this arrangement, the protectivelining is rigidly held in its proper position within the pump casing,the centering of it with the impeller being assured. Providing finishedhigh spots or rings greatly reduces the cost thin fiexible metal backingstamped to the configuration of s aid interior, each section of saidcasing being provided with finished gauge surfaces for seating -saidmetaillc backing, said metallic backing being centered to provide theusual clearance for said impeller blade by being pressed upon its seatwhen the casing sections are clamped together.

2. In a pump casing, a lining for the interior of the ump comprising arelatively thin flexible s eet metal backing and a rubber facing, aplurality of finished surfaces on the interior of said casing, saidlining pressably seating on said finished surfaces.

Y 3. In a centrifugal pump for pumplng labrasive material, a casingbeing divided on a' plane substantially at right angles to the 'axis andhaving flanges for. securing the two vparts together, an impeller forsaid pump,

al rotectiv'e covering for the interior of sai ,pump comprising a linerof resilient matta;y l, said liner covering substantially thev etlire exosed interior surface, a plurality of finislied high spots on theinterior of said casing, said liner being pressably seated upon saldhigh spots to center 1tself when the casing flanges are clampedtogether. 4. In a ump casing, a lining for the interior of t e pumpcomprising a relatively thin flexible sheet metal backing and a rubberfacing, a plurality of finished surfaces on the interior. of saidcasing, said lining pressably .seating on said finished surfaces, theremaining unfinished portions providing pockets between the easing andsheet metal backing, and an acid proof filling in said pockets.

5. In a centrifugal pump, a casing having an axial inlet and atangential outlet, a lining for substantially the entire surface of thecasing, said lining comprising a l ressably seated thin sheet metalbacking adapted to lie against the inside of the casing and a rubberfacing, each of the parts of said lining having a tangential portionfitting the tangential out-let of the casing and provided withco-extensive flanges, a discharge conduit havingl a protectiverubberlining com rising a t in sheet metal backing and a ru ber facing andeach formed with a peL ripheral flange co-extensive with the other, theflanges of the conduit and pump linings' abutting each other to serve asa gasket for the tangential outlet and discharge conduit thereby forminga liquid seal against the sheet metal backing in each instance and theflanges of said casing and said conduit.

6. In a centrifugal pump, a ,casing having an axial inlet and atangential outlet, a lining for substantially the entire surface of thecasing comprising 4an inner and outer layer, said casing being dividedon substantially a plane at right angles to the axis, and said outerlayer of the lining being divided into two parts on substantially the'same plane and being flexible to be self seating in said casing, flangesformed on said casing at said divide, flanges formed on said lining atsaid divide and at said outlet opening, a conduit having a protectivelining with similar yflanges for said outlet, and said liner flangesforming a gasket for the casing flanges and conduit flanges, said outerlining being flexible to be self seating in said casing as said linerflanges are drawn between said casing flanges and said conduit flanges.

7. ln a ump, the combination of a casing having inlet andoutlet openingsand conduits therefor, a protective lining for the interiorv of saidpump casing and conduits comprising a relatively thin metal backing and.a rubber facing, the rubber facing of each abutting to form a liquidsealed joint, said metal backing terminating short of the joint with theends flanged inwardly, said flanges anchored in said rubber facing andinclined tohold the latter outwardly at the ljoint by a dovetail action.

8.- In apump, the combination of a casing having inlet and outletopenings and conduits therefor, a protective lining for the interior ofsaid pump casing and conduits comprising .a relatively thin metalbacking and a rubber facing, the protective liner of each abutting toform a liquid sealed joint, Said metal backing terminating in inwardlylturned flanges anchored in the 4rubber fac-V ing for reinforcing thelatter by holding it interior of said casing comprising a rubberl facingand a relatively flexible sheet metal backing therefor, the inner wallof said casing having a plurality of spaced seating portions raised uponits interior surface, one of said raised portions being disposedadjacent one of said openings, and said lining pressably seating on saidspaced raised portions.

lin witness whereof, l hereunto subscribe my name this 30th. day ofMarch, 1921.

GEORGE T. HANSEN.

